Snapshot review of Two World Bank COVID-19 Health support programs in Egypt has other sources of funding like that of the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)27. The only other country in the MENA region, besides Egypt, that has relatively multilateral sources of funding is Jordan, hence the lower rate of disbursement. With exception to Yemen, Djibouti, and Palestine, in all the MENA countries, there is an ongoing pattern of little progress in implementation when compared with non-MENA countries; even given the ones with 100% disbursement. This could be attributed to the difficulty in achieving the objectives which involve the procurement of highly coveted medical supplies during a surge in global demand. One consideration is that Jordan, Tunisia, Yemen, and Morocco have a revised SEP, which Egypt does not. However, Egypt, given the numbers, can be considered in the minority without disbursement, as more than 85.7% of the COVID-19 MENA region loans had some amounts disbursed, if not all. This does not account for Morocco and Lebanon, as their loans are not targeted at the health sector. Moreover, if we compare Egypt with MENA countries that have had similar approval dates like Iran, Jordan, Tunisia, Yemen, Djibouti, and Palestine (1 month before or after); they have all had considerably more progress. On the other hand, the countries that Egypt can compare to with regards to status in progress are Morocco and Lebanon, both of which have respectively been approved 6-7 months later, and so less comparable with regards to loan life cycle. From that, we can discern that on a regional level, Egypt is lagging behind with regards to loan progress, accounting for implementation and disbursement. 27 Rahman, Fareed. “Arab Monetary Fund Grants $59m Loan to Tunisia to Ease Covid-19 Economic Impact.” The National News, June 3, 2020. https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/arab-monetaryfund-grants-59m-loan-to-tunisia-to-ease-covid-19-economic-impact-1.1028317. 16

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